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Properly finishing wood in cabinetmaking is essential primarily because it serves to prevent moisture absorption and damage. Wood is a natural material that can easily absorb moisture from the environment, which may cause it to expand, warp, or even rot over time. A proper finish acts as a barrier, protecting the wood's surface from humidity and liquid spills, thereby ensuring the longevity and integrity of the furniture or cabinetry.

In addition to moisture protection, finishing also enhances the overall durability of the wood, making it more resistant to scratches and other physical wear. While enhancing the color of the wood is an important aspect of finishing, and can certainly influence aesthetic appeal, the primary functional benefit of finishing is its role in moisture control. Reducing the weight of the finished product is not a typical purpose of wood finishing, nor does finishing simplify assembly of pieces; these elements are more related to the design and construction processes rather than the finishing process itself.